Parts Perm Minute
This is the first explanation of how PPM is used by machines.
Splitters and Mergers
Using splitters is how you can split resources to several machines so you can maximize the amount of incoming resources on the belt. The same also applies to mergers and combining machine output cannot exceed the PPM of the belt. 5:55 in the video goes over PPM in relation to belt speeds and how they are related to the machines.
Part 2 re-iterates the belt speeds in relation to PPM, understanding this concept is key to the game.
Logistics Mk. 2 and Upgrade Conveyor Belts
Once you unlock Logistics Mk. 2 the new conveyor belts provide more speed. You can upgrade existing conveyor belts to improve performance where needed. This once again discusses the PPM concept.
Overclocking
Once Overclock Production is unlocked in the MAM you can extract more ore from your node. Here you can see how I double the production of my normal iron node by over clocking the miner to 200%, hence allowing me to build more smelters and constructors. This once again discusses the PPM concept.